The Film Crash, Directed By Paul Haggis - 974 Words

The film Crash, written and directed by Paul Haggis, examines racial exchanges in several different ethnic groups living in Los Angeles. As the film move forward, we are able to view how each characters’ own racist experiences change their attitudes towards other races. Paul Haggis illustrates those change through the mood tone, setting, and even the music. By the end of the movie, the audience is left with a feeling of hope and an ambition to examine its own thought and actions towards others. Even though critics argue that the film Crash is stereotypically racist, the film encourages America to see past the misbelief we have of each other because empathy and self-examination is the starting place for change and the destruction of society is based on one’s choices. Racism, prejudice and stereotyping, as the main themes of the movie, control all the sub-stories that are somehow linked to each other. Moreover, as the stories go on and events develop, it becomes possible to see how characters start to have changes in their perspective and attitude towards each other, either in a good or a bad way. An incident which can demonstrate our thesis on racism and stereotyping and how it might change in just one moment which brings people closer could be shown as the conflict between the racist police officer and the African American woman who gets harassed by him, and whose life is saved by him on the next day. The first encounter of the woman and the officer resulted with the womanShow MoreRelatedThe Film Crash Directed By Paul Haggis2596 Words   |  11 Pages Film Paper on Crash The film Crash directed by Paul Haggis brings multiple points of views from people of different races together that really gives viewers a sense of what they have to go through everyday in society. The film was released on May 6, 2005 and still to this day similar acts of racism and prejudice occur in society that was also seen in the film. Watching the film sheds a new light on how it mentally feels to be racially discriminated and how authorities do not really do anythingRead MoreCrash : Film Co Directed And Produced By Paul Haggis1580 Words   |  7 PagesCrash is a 2004 ensemble drama film co-written, directed, and produced by Paul Haggis. The film focuses on stereotypical, racial and social tensions in Los Angeles, California. It connects stories based on coincidence, fortuitousness, and luck, as the lives of the characters crash against one another. The movie revolves around the feelings of prejudice and antipathy most people have against members of other groups, and observe s the consequences of those feelings. The movie demonstrates the livesRead MoreSelective Perception in Paul Haggis Crash853 Words   |  4 PagesSociology 113AE Reaction Paper 10/20/05 Selective Perception in Paul Haggis Crash Prejudices are the strong backbone to the concept of racism. They are the labels and images that we designate to a group of people on the basis of what we imagine to be the characteristics of all members of that group. More often than not, they are incorrect and incomplete. The film Crash, directed by Paul Haggis, addresses the strong existence of prejudices against many groups from various perspectivesRead MoreThe Opening Line Of The Movie Crash Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagescity, you walk, you know? You brush past people, people bump into you. In L.A., nobody touches you. We’re always behind this metal and glass. I think we miss that touch so much, that we crash into each other, just so we can feel something.† This quote, spoken by Don Cheadle, is the opening line of the movie Crash. Not only does this powerful line tell the viewers where the movie is taking place, but it also gives them a brief overview of what to expect from the movie. As citizens of this countryRe ad MoreThe Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare1445 Words   |  6 PagesCenturies later, in the early 2000 s, Paul Haggis wrote and directed a film called Crash, that follows multiple different characters (all of different backgrounds and races) as they meet and interact with each other, in overwhelmingly violent situations. Each character is either oppressed, oppresses someone else, or both, resulting in a cycle of racism, similar to the cycle of religious bigotry present in The Merchant of Venice. Haggis s Oscar award winning movie Crash serves as a modern retelling ofRead MoreCrash Movie Analysis Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesCrash tells interlocking stories of whites, blacks, Latinos, Koreans, Iranians, cops and criminals, the rich and the poor, the powerful and powerless, all defined in one way or another by racism. All are victims of it, and all are guilty it. Sometimes, yes, they rise above it, although it is never that simple. Their negative impulses may be instinct ive, their positive impulses may be dangerous, and who knows what the other person is thinking? The result is a movie of intense fascination; we understandRead MoreFinal Film Critique: Crash (2004)2178 Words   |  9 PagesFinal Film Critique: Crash (2004) Jay Dennis ENG 225 Introduction to Film Instructor: Cicely Young April 13, 2014 Final Film Critique Draft: Crash (2004) There are many different critical elements and artistic aspects to examine when analyzing and critiquing any film. In 2004 Paul Haggis wrote and directed the award winning drama Crash about various intertwining experiences involving racial relations and the socioeconomic status levels of the diverse cast of characters. This film addressesRead More Justice in movie Crash Essay examples1133 Words   |  5 PagesJustice in movie Crash In the movie Crash, directed by Paul Haggis, John Stuart Mills theories on Social Justice and Utility are depicted within the context of the 20th century. Haggis representation of a multicultural society is one built on racism and inequality, which limits the social justice people can acquire. In this film prejudice and stereotyping are prevalent when discussing legal rights and moral rights. The social situation has profound impacts on the choices people make. ThisRead MorePaul Haggis Crash: Movie Analysis2167 Words   |  9 PagesPaul Haggiss film Crash (2004) explores the social and racial tensions that are prevalent in contemporary Los Angeles. Crash is comprised of a series of vignettes in which people lead parallel lives that briefly intersect throughout the film and converge through various car crashes in Los Angeles. Crash features an all-star cast, which includes Sandra Bullock, Brendan Fraser, Matt Dillon, Ryan Philippe, Than die Newton, Terence Howard, Chris Ludacris Br idges, and Larenz Tate. Through various vignettesRead MoreMovie Crash : A Sociological Lens Essay1833 Words   |  8 Pages Directed by Paul Haggis, the movie Crash (2004) addresses the social issues of individuals living in Los Angeles while revealing that the lives of these â€Å"strangers† are all somehow intersected. The film opens at the scene of a car accident where detective Graham powerfully states, that the people of Los Angeles have lost their â€Å"sense of touch† (Haggis, 2004). Within a thirty-six hour period, we see how such controversial issues such as racism, discrimination, and prejudice cripple the diverse

My Health Topic Stress Essay - 1191 Words

My health topic is about stress. lets start by explain what stress is, stress is the mental and physical response and adoption by our bodies or perceived changes and challenges in our lives. Thats the book definition, but I really liked the one they gave online it was simple and got to the point. Stress is, pressure or tension exerted on a material object. Very simple and straight into the point. So the reason I picked this topic, is because I am very bad at handling stress and managing it. Hopefully if I knew more about stress, I would be able to understand stress, also learn how to cope with it, not letting it get in the way of my life and living. So the more I looked into stress, I found out that stress had more than one topic. This†¦show more content†¦The way he started to do his research was by finding a subject to test on. What he chose to test on confused me, because I thought why not just find an average person that stress on a average day of work, but he wanted to test on non humans to know the root of stress. Robert Saolsky choose bamboos monkeys, he followed a tribe of bamboo monkeys for over 30 years and learned so much about stress. The main things that I wanted off of his research was, the health impact to see if this can really hurt my health? It was a big yes! So we can all try to learn how to cope with stress because our health is at stake! The other big one is what stress does to me if I dont try to get it out of my lifestyle in healthy ways. Also the psychological impact it has in our brains and how much it effect our thinking. All this and more he went over! What I needed to know was just that because these thing where effecting my health, psychological and just the fact that I wasn’t really doing anything about it. The first good start was knowing what stress was. Then knowing what type of stresses I had and witch ones where good for my health. I always stressed about the smallest things in life. I remember this one time on e of my friends where getting me so mad about what Ive done at school, funny thing I cant remember the reason why but I do remember that was mad about something. What I did was not a good way to deal with stress andShow MoreRelatedI am a thinker, writer, traveler, translator and a perpetual psychology student. I am not the one1200 Words   |  5 Pagesfew years I have explored different interests and inclinations and have realized that Psychology is my true calling. My personal penchant for health psychology or behavioral medicine stems largely from my credence that there is a strong connection between psychological and physical wellbeing. I want to explore this association in detail by linking health psychology topics with social psychology. My purpose for applying to a research oriented MA program of SDSU is simple: I want to experience the dynamicsRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Health And Wellness Essay1343 Words   |  6 Pages PHLS 150 Personal Health and Wellness Personal health and wellness are important factors towards life because without health, our quality of life would suffer greatly. There are many factors that contribute to health and wellness; some can be managed, but many are out of our control. Below are four main topic that caught my attention throughout the course. The first topic is preventing violence and injury. Violence is, â€Å"a set of behaviors that produces injuries, as well as the outcomesRead MoreEssay on Psy201 R6 Research Plan 643 Words   |  3 Pagesinteresting in studying. You can select a topic from what you’ll be studying in this course or another topic that seems intriguing to you. Respond to the following in 50-75 words: Identify your research problem and describe it. What about this topic interests you? The research problem is what causes stress. I will discuss the cause and problems of stress on the body. I will discuss how stress can affect the body and how they correlate with each other. This topic interests me because many people willRead MoreStress : Stress And Health1336 Words   |  6 Pages Stress and health might seem like two very different things but they are actually very alike. Stress can influence someone’s health such as the way our body reacts or adapts to the stressful situation. Chapter 12 states that stress can lead to health issues such as suppression of the immune system and cardiovascular wear and tear. Stress can play a huge role in our health and this essay will answer some of the stress questions such as three things that stress me out, a stressful situation in myRead MoreEvaluate--Action Research Problem’S Significance In The1525 Words   |  7 Pagesaction research study topic is on stress management. The proposed studies objective is to understand the impact that stress has on the social work profession and to figure out a stress management intervention that is effective, yet easily accessible and convenient to implement. The action research study is introduced by explaining that there are current studies that discuss the use of stress management interventions with several aspects that still need to be addressed. This topic is a significant issueRead MoreEssay1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic for my research was exceptionally broad and I didn’t know which aspect of my topic was my question going to address, hence a lot of research was done to narrow it down. I did a lot of online research that included reading online articles and interviews. This research procedure helped me refine my topic and develop a clear idea of what my research question was going to be exactly. For example, at first my research question was â€Å"If approved by FDA, how can Venetoclax help cancer patientsRead MoreThe Wellness Plan For Nurses1064 Words   |  5 Pagesschool is 27 months of stress, deadlines, studying, more stress, exams, and papers. While tackling the challenges of this marathon called anesthesia school you forget to care for yourself or maintain the rest of life’s necessities. Students are focused with absolute resolve, doing whatever it takes to complete their schooling and pass boards. In the meantime their health, home, family, social life, and anything not related to school tends to take a back seat. Wellness, a topic promoted by numerousRead MoreExploring the Therapeutic Effects of Yogic Techniques for Stress Management1284 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic I chose to focus on for my research Masters Project is â€Å"Exploring the therapeutic effects of yogic techniques for stress management†. I choose this topic because I am particularly interested in stress and anxiety-related mental and physical disorders with the use of yogic techniques. I also choose this topic as little is known about the beneficial effects of a yoga practice and self-care as an alternative to medication interventions. Within the area of Social Care, the use of yogic techniquesRead MoreThings I Learned about Myself as a College Student629 Words   |  3 Pagesprepared well for test. I also believe that I scored low on this because I do not take proper notes that are full in details. I do not put enough time into studying like I should. The reason why I scored low on time management is because I don’t manage my time well. I also do not have a set schedule where I plan on doing school work. Which leads me to procrastinate so I decide to do everything the last minute right before it is due. One thing that I learned about myself as a college student this semesterRead MoreEpidemiology Of Job Stress And Health775 Words   |  4 PagesHaratani titled â€Å"Epidemiology of Job Stress and Health in Japan: Review of Current Evidence and Future Direction†. Since I was a young adult, I have always heard and known about the â€Å"karoshi† epidemic in Japan, however, this topic has never caught my attention until my ex-manager pulled me aside one day and had a conversation about of how worried and concerned he was of my health due to my work commitments. This conversation happened during the peak of my career growth, my manager saw potentials in me,

Brick Moving Company Case Study for Bona Fide -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBrick Moving Company Case Study for Bona Fide. Answer: Introduction Bona Fide Occupational Requirements (BFOR) provides the minimum requirements for a particular position in the organization (Tracey, 2016). The human resource managers are required to perform recruitment, selection and training duties effectively for a sustainable performance of an organization. Bona Fide Occupational Requirements (BFOR) The BFOR are the rules established by the top managers of an organization in ensuring that there is an efficient performance in an organization. Staffs are required to meet BFOR to be considered for a particular position in the organization. The Brick Mover Company BFOR is that loaders are required to work at least 6-8 hours a day for a stable performance of an organization. HRM is expected to consider the regulation when hiring new employees for a sustainable performance in the market. Recruitment of talented staff makes it possible for an organization to handle issues through teamwork and innovation in production (Riley, 2014). The BFOR policies are aimed at increasing the performance of an organization through identification of minimum requirements for employees. The internal analysis of the job is essential in coming up with a BFOR where job analysis, job description, interview questions and performance evaluation is used in recruiting a talented staff. Brick company job descript ion for loaders/movers can move household commodities for 6-8 hours a day. The employee is evaluated based on the set BFOR set by the company. Important documents in BFORs The management is required to document the BFOR in ensuring it is well known to the employees. The documentation reduces resistance from the employees as they have an understanding of expectations of the company. Loaders/movers of Brick Company are expected to work 6-8 hours for increased services to household consumers. The employees can work towards the set minimum requirements for performing a particular task assigned to the organization (Brewster Hegewisch, 2017). Business performance is increased in an organization through corporation between management and employees in meeting set minimum requirements in an organization. External legislation to be considered Human resource management is required to perform an external analysis of the business environment before implementing BFOR. The study provides the top management with an insight of developing company policies which are legal. Legislation requirements considered by the management in coming up with BFOR is the Federal Laws and international standards of trade. The Federal laws governing a nation require an organization to implement BFOR requirements that are not discriminative. The criteria of recruitment should be based on the performance of the organization rather than discriminating on candidates (Taylor, 2017). BFOR policy implemented by an organization is required not to discriminate individuals due to their sex, race, national origin and cultural beliefs. The managers are expected to defend their BFOR policy to the law enforcers to reduce cases of discriminations in an organization. The BFOR policy implemented by Brick Company is highly useful as it does not discriminate candidat e due to their age, gender, race or national origin as it is focused on improved performance in the organization. Human rights, code of ethics, safety legislation, WCB, and employment standards are used to implement an effective BFOR policy. Workers' Compensation Board (WCB) is used to offer the right compensation to employees considering benefits and incentives at work. BFOR of Brick Company follows the set human rights, code of ethics, safety legislation, WCB, and employment standards for a stable performance of the organization. BFOR Accommodation Brick moving Company is required to accommodate individuals who can meet the set BFOR policy implemented in recruitment. The plan aims at hiring employees that will positively contribute to the performance of an organization. The employer is required to consider candidates that can meet BFOR requirements through training and development. The technique aims at increasing the ability of an individual to deliver quality work that will enhance the competitiveness of the company in the market (Kehoe Patrick, 2013). Human resource managers are required to implement BFOR policy considering the safety and health of employees for smooth operations by the company. Position on the Brick Moving company situation Human resource managers are required to have leadership skills to handle complex issues facing the employees (Reiche, Mark, Gunter, 2016). I would not employ the candidate as he does not meet the set BFOR of Brick Company. The candidate is qualified to work as a loader/ mover in the organization but has health issues where he cannot work more than 2-3 hours a day and must have a 30-minute break after one hour of work. It is essential to efficiently analyze the situation before coming up with a valid decision to avoid ruining the reputation of Brick Company. As a human resource manager, I would not consider the candidate as he does not meet the minimum requirements of ability to work 6-8 hours. The BFOR implemented by Brick Company is not discriminative as it is focused on improved performance in the market. Therefore, recruitment of loader/movers is required to follow set BFOR strictly to achieve established goals of production. Conclusion From the discussion, it is clear that an organization is expected to implement BFOR policy that is not discriminative. Brick Company is highly useful as it is focused on increased performance and does not discriminate candidates due to age, gender, national origin or color. Bibliography Brewster, C., Hegewisch, A. (2017). Policy and Practice in European Human Resource Management: The Price Waterhouse Cranfield Survey. Taylor Francis. Kehoe, R., Patrick, W. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors. Journal of management, 366-391. Reiche, S., Mark, M., Gunter, S. (2016). Readings and cases in international human resource management. Taylor Francis. Riley, M. (2014). Human resource management in the hospitality and tourism industry. Routledge. Taylor, S. (2017). Contemporary issues in human resource management. Kogan Page Publishers. Tracey, W. (2016). The human resources glossary: The complete desk reference for HR executives, managers, and practitioners. CRC Press.

Judaisms Transformation To Modernization In Relation To America Essays

Judaism's Transformation to Modernization in Relation to America The Jewish way of life has been affected in a tremendous way by the people of the United States of America. By the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, there were only 2500 Jews in America. For forty years beginning in 1840, 250,000 Jews (primarily from Germany, Hungary, and Bohemia) entered this country. Anti-Semitism and economic woes in Eastern Europe went from bad to worse after the pogroms of 1881-1882. Almost three million Eastern European Jews left between 1881 and 1914, two million (85%) of which decided to come to America, where they thought "the streets were paved with gold." They were wrong. Because of this intercontinental migration, the social characterization of Jews in America changed drastically. Before the move, the largest group in the early eighteenth century were the Sephardic Jews. They lived in the coastal cities as merchants, artisans, and shippers. The Jews who predominately spoke German came to America over 100 years later, and quickly spread out over the land. Starting as peddlers, they moved up to business positions in the south, midwest, and on the west coast. New York City had 85,000 Jews by 1880, most of which had German roots. At this time in American history, the government accepted many people from many different backgrounds to allow for a diverse population; this act of opening our borders probably is the origin of the descriptive phrase "the melting pot of the world." These German Jews rapidly assimilated themselves and their faith. Reform Judaism arrived here after the Civil War due to the advent of European Reform rabbis. Jewish seminaries, associations, and institutions, such as Cincinnati's Hebrew Union College, New York's Jewish Theological Seminary, the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), and the Central Conference of American Rabbis, were founded in the 1880s. America was experimenting with industry on a huge scale at the time the Eastern European Jews that arrived. Their social history combined with the American Industrial Age produced an extremely diverse and distinct American Jewry by the end of the intercontinental migration, which coincided with the start of the Great World War (World War I). Almost two out of every three new immigrants called the big northeast municipalities (such as the Lower East Side of New York) their new home. They would take any job available to support the family, and they worked in many different jobs which were as physically demanding as they were diverse. The garment district in New York today was made from the meticulousness, the sweat, and the determination of the Jews. Low pay, long hours, and disgusting working conditions characterized the average working day. Labor unions fought for these workers' rights and eventually won. There are stories of men in the Lower East Side of New York who started to sell rags from a cart, and slowly moved up the ladder in time to run a small clothing shop. Like other Jews in America at this time, they sacrificed the Sabbath to work during it, but it was for the good and the support of his family. The 1890s saw the birth of many Jewish-oriented charities were organized to raising funds for medical and social services, such as Jewish hospitals and Jewish homes for the aged. The American Jewish Committee was formed in 1906 to attempt to influence the American government to aid persecuted Jewish communities overseas. B'nai B'rith, a Jewish fraternal society, was set up in 1843 by German Jews in America; in 1913 it instituted the Anti-Defamation League to combat anti-Semitism. Today the ADL combats not just anti-Semitism, but also racism and other discriminants. Furthermore, The B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation has put together Hillel Houses at major college campus throughout the country to ensure that Jewish college students get an adequate religious experience. Anti-Semitism in America did not become widespread until the turn of the century. Anti-Semitism follows Jews around; it is not part of a community unless Jews live with them in that community and the gentiles don't want them there. Jews were informally ostracized from clubs and resorts, and were denied entrance to colleges and other institutes of higher learning. Moreover, it was a common practice to not employ Jews in particular professions and basic industries. Between World War I and World War II the United States placed limits on the number of Jews allowed in per year. Zionism, the movement formed by Jews to get themselves to

Critiqe on Kirstie Laird essays

Critiqe on Kirstie Laird essays I chose to critique and analyze the works of Kirstie Laird. I liked the variety of her works, and the bright, brilliant colors in most of them. I think the one that fascinated me most, however, was Marionette because it didnt have any of the orange colors or motifs prominent in her other works. This puzzled me, since the title of her showing was Orange Girl and every other picture in the showing fit the title well. I found Lairds works quite similar to those of Judy Dater. Their finished products arent too similar for the most part, but their reasons for the pictures they take are nearly identical. Lairds series investigates the ways in which we define ourselves through social roles, dress and physical markers, both natural and applied. This sounds very much like what Dater wishes to convey in her self-portrait sequence in which she dressed and posed herself as stereotypes of certain kinds of women. Both women take special pains to use themselves as models (not an easy feat, I know from experience!). Not only that, they change costumes and props in every picture to convey the character they are becoming. In a sense, they are actresses, and each picture is a separate role for them. How well they fit the roles? That is a matter of opinion. I found each role they wished to convey was portrayed quite well. As different as each ladies style is, I still found some pictures I thought were quite similar in many respects. Lairds Kitchen and Daters Ms. Clingfree were two pictures I thought were similar. If you laid the two side by side, you would see nothing in them that was remotely similar. One is of a young attractive housewife sitting on the kitchen counter, cheerily showing off the fruit bowl. The other is of an older housewife, perhaps one who has been married many years and is starting to feel the ...

Belief And Doubt And Modern Mind Religion Essay Example

Belief And Doubt And Modern Mind Religion Essay Example Belief And Doubt And Modern Mind Religion Essay Belief And Doubt And Modern Mind Religion Essay One of the oldest and most influential beliefs in human history and in the creative activity at big has been the belief refering the beginning of life and existence and the different theories that tried to give an account to the beginning of life and the existence. With the attempts to seek and happen solutions to one of the greatest enigmas, the ancient societies tried to come up with different suggestions that became a foundation for the creative activity of faith and spiritual beliefs, since most of the enigmas could non be easy explained and therefore the human race hosiery to believe that at that place must hold been an being of a different and more powerful being that was involved in the creative activity and the presence of life and the existence. Though there were different faiths that arose as a consequence of the beliefs, all these faiths seemed to hold a common feature in that they believed in the being of other forces that did non arise from the human race and which had power over humanity and the events that occurred twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours in the existence. There was hence a strong belief that humanity and the existence must hold originated from someplace and that there must hold been some superior being that was involved in the creative activity and control of life and all the events in the existence. It is believed that the human existences are merely like any other animate being in the carnal land in assorted facets. Just like the remainder of the animate beings, they possess all the physiological features of the carnal land and are even similar in many of their features and behaviour, particularly in affairs of birth, life, feeding, growing and development and even decease. However, there are a few differences that have been noted in the human race that are really alone and non possessed by any other member of the carnal land. These factors are normally in the facets of psychological and mental features and besides in the societal apparatus of the human race. In this facet, one of the cardinal features of the human existences is their perceptual experiences and beliefs, which include a cardinal belief in supernatural existences which is a foundation for faith. Religion is therefore a major difference between the human existences and other life things. There are a batch of alterations that have been experienced over the old ages in different facets of life. These alterations have chiefly been driven by forces from the different innovations and promotions that have been experienced in different countries of the human race, particularly in the societal apparatus and interactions between different societies, technological promotions, different innovations in trade and concern and assorted other alterations in the universe that have redefined the life style of human existences and followed a class of modernness, which is the footing of the present human life. With the entry of the human race into modernness, there have been a batch of alterations particularly since different facets of life have been redefined and better explained by different innovations and promotions in engineering, scientific discipline and art. One of the chief things that have experienced a great alteration has been the beliefs of different people since some of th e antecedently unexplained enigmas have found good and convincing accounts particularly refering to formation and beginning of life every bit good as the happening of different events in the existence. And in this manner, there have been a batch of alterations in the perceptual experiences associated to life, and though with a batch of attempts to continue different beliefs, some have found it necessary to redefine their beliefs. More specifically, there has been a great struggle between the innovations in scientific discipline and engineering and faith. While scientific discipline and engineering have sought to explicate most of the happenings in life particularly the 1s that formed a footing for faith as they did non happen adequate accounts, faith has insisted that there is non much that can be done in the facets of the supernatural existences since they are more powerful than the human race and hence can neer be overthrown by the different innovations and promotions by the human existences. With the alterations that have been experienced due to technological promotions and the scientific innovations, there has been a alteration from traditional ways to a signifier of modernness that is the footing for the modern head. The modern head is normally more reliant on proven worlds and theories instead than on pure and apparently superstitious beliefs and perceptual experiences. This has been even more emphasized in affair to make with faith as it is based on beliefs instead than on proved theories and worlds. Hence, the modern head has chiefly opposed the beliefs that have founded faith and given out their ain cogent evidence and beliefs against faith, hence steaming up a batch of struggle between the modern head and faith. There has been a batch of argument on the being ad relevancy of faith particularly in explicating maters to make with life and the existence and moreover in explicating their beginning and ability to boom. This argument has led to the being of two different and contrasting signifiers of beliefs ensuing to presence of different bookmans and the different factors they advocate for. More specifically, there are those that have adopted the modern head and wholly opposed the perceptual experiences of faith concluding that it is based on fabricated factors and non on world. They have farther argued that faith is a signifier of a tradition that has now become outdated with the entry of more solid and proved facts that are against it and that explain the same facets that faith formed the footing for faith. On the other side, there are those that have wholly upheld their beliefs and faith and have rejected the alteration that has been experienced due to scientific innovations and technologica l promotions. The different bookmans that have opposed spiritual beliefs have laid their statements on different facets. They portray a batch of uncertainty and in some instances strong resistance to faith and its associated beliefs. For illustration, Freud has been wholly opposed faith saying that it is merely a signifier of mental and psychological psychotic belief and that there really is no proper footing for spiritual beliefs. It seems like worlds are non willing to travel an excess stat mi to explicate their universe so they have come up with different beliefs to seek and halt them from traveling through the hurting of the accounts. In the same manner, Russell argues that faith is founded on myths instead than on facts and that there is no demand to stand so strongly for what you can non turn out. Rather, there is a demand to encompass modernness and facts that have been proven beyond uncertainty. Similarly, another strong opposition of faith is Nietzsche who believes that faith is merely a groundless platform that is merely enjoyed by the weak and those of small understanding ad that there is a demand for people to seek more cognition and apprehension of different facets of life so as to be able to encompass life and all its happenings in a more positive and clear mode. There is hence no demand to maintain on with beliefs that have no foundation but instead there is a demand to travel for more luxuriant and clear facts that have found cogent evidence in the modern universe. On the other side, there are many bookmans who have experienced the effects of modernness in different ways and have acted under different appellations in the universe and yet they have given faith a consideration in their lives. Malcolm, for illustration embracings faith and province that it should be given its due topographic point in life. He besides states that faith is a cardinal portion of humanity and that non merely are human existences societal existences but besides religious existences and hence he prefers to believe in a supernatural, religious being that is in control of the existence and life. In a similar mode, Joyce argues that life is more groundless without faith and that faith has a really relevant and cardinal topographic point in the society. Modernization can non be used as a whipping boy from faith, it is really supposed to congratulate and non supplement faith. Besides, harmonizing to Lewis, faith is inevitable since life is full of struggles between the good and the immorality and that merely by encompassing faith can a society be able to populate with sobriety and order. Without faith, there would be pandemonium and a batch of disorderliness and life would be without intending. In the same manner, Luther portrays a batch of spiritual belief in the facets of his support and his religion. He is a really influential and popular leader yet he gives faith its rightful topographic point irrespective of the happenings and occurrences around him particularly due to scientific and technological innovations. He believes that these factors should be integrated with faith so as to hold a fulfilled life. In general, even with the many scientific innovations and the technological promotions, there is a demand for there to be a consideration of the basic factors in life, of which faith is one. Religion has stood the trial of clip and irrespective of the alterations in life and in the universe, there is a demand to give it a topographic point in the society so as to hold order, sobriety and even factors that unite and place the society. With these factors in topographic point, the society is bound to be united as one and to come on even as the universe progresses. Without this factor of belief, there will be a batch of promotions in the universe but unluckily the society will crumple and disintegrate under these really same forces of alteration.

Creativity in a Business Context Report '' set up a new uk events Essay

Creativity in a Business Context Report '' set up a new uk events managament company'' (motivation, ledrship and pay) - Essay Example It is true that skilled and experienced employees can be considered as important assets of an organization. Employee motivation can be considered as an important aspect that needs to be considered by an organization. Effective employee motivation can enhance the entire workplace performance as well as business performance of an organization. An organization can ensure effective employee motivation through significant leadership style of the organizational leader. In addition to this, the Royal Planner is also suffering from the workplace conflicts that have been developed due to the inadequate compensation distribution process. Several employees within the organization are trying to leave the organization due to lack of motivation and unequal compensation distribution issue. This essay will try to investigate the problem. Moreover, the essay will discuss about the problems that are facing by the organization. It is highly important for the organization to adopt and implement an effec tive creative problem solving model in the business operation process to overcome the process. Lastly, the organization will evaluate the usefulness of the theories of creativity in supporting the programme of recommended work. It is highly important for Royal Planner to identify the issues and problems that are affecting the business performance of the organization. The organization is facing several workplace related issues. Lack of employee motivation, inadequate payment distribution and poor leadership quality affected the business performance of Royal Planner. Parnes-Osborn’s CPS model and technique can be implemented in order to investigate the problems and issues. First of all it is highly important to identify the real issues (Abott, 1988, pp.65). It will help the researcher to adopt and implement effective and appropriate CPS Model that can help the organization to overcome the recent issues. It is clear from the above discussion

Organizational Vision Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organizational Vision Analysis - Research Paper Example Gradually, new programs were introduced such as oceanography, computer science, psychology, business administration, education and law and very soon Nova began to be accepted for its high standards. While educational reach was being constantly expanded at Nova, Southeastern University of the Health Sciences was also expanding. Southeastern University of the Health Sciences added learning centers for dental medicine, medical sciences, allied health, optometry and pharmacy between the years 1987 to 1997. It is noteworthy that Nova University became a part of the Southeastern University of the Health Sciences in 1995 and the two merged entities began to be called Nova Southeastern University (Nova Southeastern University, 2011). Main Body The vision of Nova Southeastern University is to be an independent institution without being under the control of any state university system. Consequently, the staff, faculty and administration of NSU strive to provide students and society at large wi th self-supporting opportunities of higher education. Because of such independence, a large variety of options are available to students and it is clear that in keeping with this vision, the Board of Trustees of NSU intend to continue with this practice. The mission of Nova Southeastern University is to provide a large number of diversified and innovative educational programs that include on campus opportunities as well as distance learning programs to encourage research, leadership, intellectual enquiry, excellence and commitments towards society by engaging faculty and students in a vibrant and life long learning process. A major objective of NSU is to focus on students by transforming them into educated, competent and principled professionals in different fields. The university is committed to the concept that education does not imply that teaching is limited for a given time period for any student. NSU has been enhancing the traditional effectiveness of educational services deli veries by effectively using telecommunication and information technology. NSU continues to consistently use educational resources, emerging technology and other effective delivery systems in demonstrating that education can be provided without the constraints of time, location or learning style (Mohan, 1993). NSU has a consistent goal of pursuing multi-disciplinary teaching approaches and acquiring knowledge. An important agenda is to enhance the integration of education programs from undergraduate to graduation level as well as to ascertain that synergy is achieved between professionals and social issues. NSU encourages the free exchange of ideas wile programs are developed in responding to societal needs so that future professionals can be equipped with conventional competency as well as ethical sensibility and commitment towards enhancing professional and social values. A long term goal of NSU is to tackle present technology in ways that it is compatible with the rapid technologi cal change that is happening constantly, with the basic idea of operating in a culturally diverse environment. NSU continues to be supportive of the crucial relationship amongst theory and practice and plans to create efficient education delivery procedures in impacting the working environment and creating stimulating education structures. The university strongly believes that community service is a crucial element

Rapp Is Poetry Essay Example for Free

Rapp Is Poetry Essay Over the past several years, hip-hops/music standing has been tumbling. Criticizers of the genre often arguably point at the extreme cursing, degradation of women, and adoration of the gangsta lifestyle as major flaw in rap songwriting. However, it is important that these characteristics only describe a small section of hip-hop. Most rap songs are actually very poetic, as they feature the rhythms and verses, poetic devices, and themes that are crucial elements of traditional poetry. Many rappers use the rhythms and rhyme schemes that are characteristic of poetry in their songwriting. Today’s generation expresses of love, death, self-expression, personal, political, and social issues, poverty and riches, and life involvements. They entwine these thoughts artistically and creatively within strong rhythms and captivating tunes that capture the minds of the listener. The mind-set of today’s adolescence can be found within the lyrics of the music that they listen to. Both rappers and poets write about the same subjects. For example the rap unit NWA, and the poet Alice Walker, both talk about the topic of being from a compression race. Alice Walker writes in one of her poems that there is no planet stranger than the one Im from†. What she is saying is that the world is strange because people judge others by their skin color. The method NWA takes is a more arrogant one, but still expressive. In one of there most notorious the songs Fuck Tha Police, NWA says Young nigga got it bad cuz im brown, And not the other color so police think, they have the authority to kill a minority. Another common subject between poets and rappers is ghetto life. Allot of African American rapper and poets come from a life of struggle that they channel into their writing and poetry. When it comes to poets and rappers, the biggest similarities are their appeal to transfer a message. The substance may different, but the need to enduce an emotional response is the same. Its naturally focused by their view of the world or society and craving to show their point-of-view. There is repeatedly the use of metaphors in poetry and rap to express their message and some are written that allows readers or listeners to make their own analysis. Song and poetry, They both express emotions or a message in some way, And they both use a very similar method. The difference between rap and poetry is really just the message and the type off message. You will never here Shakespeare talking about bitches and hoes and you will never hear a song from Tupac about comparing thee to a summers day. So really, there is no difference between the two beside the content. At times music is viewed adversely because of the strong language and ideas. Nevertheless, there is a message fixed within that gives voice to the brilliances and troubles of the surrounding society and community in where we live. The musicians of today reproduce and repeat the works of famous legendary poets past and present mentioning on some of the same political and social issues that are still applicable today. Once these poetic pieces are researched and explored, any one can determine whether the message is relevant and effects change, good or bad, for the listener. Using poetic plans and litraure, one could create expressive and perceptive poetry that reflects their personal thoughts and thoughts and beliefs of their generation, which is what’s being done in todays music. This has been done perfectly by Accomplished Rappers such as Public Enemy, Lauren Hill, Queen Latifah and Tupac Shakur. Almost every rapper puts his soul into his work. They rap about their own original verses with their own style and they say it with passion that connects with audience. Most rappers freestyles and songs are unique, but some take lyrics from other artist so not all rap/hip hop is creative. Rap/Hip Hop is a Poetic art form that came up on new york street corners and ghettos, to what it is now. Most old school raps were just poetry with a beat behind it that gave it a flow. Just people Talking about their lives, poverties, loves, hobbies, and of course its evolved into just raw emotion and whatever was on their minds. Some people use it to write down their genuine secrets or desires, instead of just keeping them inside, or to let out some form of emotion like love for one another, love for a woman, anger, heartbreak, this showed who those people really are/ or who they want to be, dreams of being larger than life. To Some people poetry is an expression of a dream that is condensed in a method comprehensible and enjoyable to others and so likely to arouse close emotions. For others its a written expression of emotion or ideas in an arrangement of verses most often rhythmically. How can hip hop not be reflected as poetry? Beat, rhymes, metaphors, similes, economical use of language to get a point across. all poetic devices, all used in hip hop. Some of the famous poet Robert Burns most well loved poems were originally written as songs, but theyre still loved as poems. Every poem can be a good melody but every melody can not be a poetry. Song is built on the group of musical voices that would lead the auditors to forget the environments and even himself where the poem is based on the expressive letters and words, that would proceed information to the readers and is spread through educated people. Songs are worldwide that anybody can enjoy but poetry is bound to be for the educated. Most rap songs are actually very poetic, as they feature the rhythms and verses, poetic devices, and themes that are crucial elements of traditional poetry.

Teen Alcohol Abuse Essay -- essays research papers

Alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence are not only adult problems. They also affect many teens between the ages of 12 and 18, even though drinking under the age of 19 is illegal. The topic of alcohol first came up when I was in grade 8 and became even more popular in high school. In high school alcohol was more readily available thanks to absent-minded parents who didn’t hide their alcohol and older students willing to make some quick cash by selling to minors. While some parents may feel relieved that their teen is â€Å"only† drinking, it is important to remember that alcohol is a powerful, mood-altering drug. Not only does alcohol affect the mind and body in unpredictable ways, but teens lack the judgment and coping skills to handle alcohol wisely. Some teenagers are brought up with the attitude that drinking is pure evil. But most of the time this just causes rebellious behavior and makes them want to try it even more, and once they try it they could possibly get addicted. According to associate professor Deborah Deas and assistant professor Suzanne Thomas from the Medical University of South Carolina, more senior high school students use alcohol than any other drug. Once a teenager gets completely smashed they are likely to do it again. Why? Well they will tell you that it’s fun, unless of course they had a really bad experience while drunk. The teens that do have fun will most likely continue drinking. Some teens will experiment and stop, or continue to use occasionally, without significant problems. Others will develop a dependency, possibly moving on to more dangerous drugs and causing significant harm to themselves and possibly others. Sometimes drinking once a week can lead to 4 times a week or more, as I have witnessed wi... ...anti-social personality disorder. These problems can make a person very addicted to drinking because they already have an imbalance of chemicals in their brain. This is especially true for teens because they are still developing and are prone to chemical imbalances. Teens should realize that drinking does not make them cool or help them fit in. Alcohol use is associated with a variety of negative consequences, including increased risk of serious drug use later in life, school failure, and poor judgment puts teens at risk for accidents, violence, unplanned and unsafe sex, and suicide. So what can be done The message is clear: The longer children and teens delay alcohol use, the less likely they are to develop any problems associated with it. That’s why it is so important for parents to inform their children about alcohol and to discuss the topic frequently.

Functions of Reserve Bank of India Essay

1. Information. Fights against economic crisis and ensures economic and price stability in the country 2. Promotional Functions 3. Promotional of banking habit and expansion of banking systems. Provides refinance for export promotion. Expansion of facilities for the provision of agricultural credit through NABARD 4. Extension of facilities for the Small Scale Industries. 5. Helping the co-operative sector. 6. Prescription of minimum statutory requirements. Innovations in banking business. A. Traditional Functions The RBI functions on the traditional lines regarding the following activities. 1. Monopoly of Note Issue In terms of Section 22 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, the RBI has been given the statutory function of note issue on a monopoly basis. The note issue in India was originally based upon â€Å"Proportional Reserve System†. When it became difficult to maintain the reserve proportionately, it was replaced by â€Å"Minimum Reserve System â€Å". According to the RBI Amendment Act of 1957, the bank should now maintain a minimum reserve of Rs.200 crore worth of gold coins, gold bullion and foreign securities of which the value of gold coin and bullion should be not less than Rs.115 crore. RBI manages circulation of money through currency chests. Originally RBI issued currency notes of Rs.2 and above. However, due to higher cost of printing small denomination notes these denominations are now coincides and issued by Government. Currency Chests Currency Chests are receptacles in which stocks of issuable and new notes are stored along with rupee coins. Currency Chests are repositories run by RBI, SBI, subsidiaries of SBI, public sector banks, Government Treasuries and Sub treasuries. Currency Chests help in expansion and contraction of currency in the country. The advantages for a bank having currency chest are: (i) The bank can draw funds whenever it is required for its use and deposit funds when found surplus. (ii) Exchange old and mutilated notes for new notes and coins (iii) Enjoy remittance facilities (iv) Cash remitted to currency chests by banks can be taken into account for maintenance of CRR. The currency chests maintained by public sector and few private sector banks are the property of RBI. The value of currency held in the chest belongs to RBI. There are as many as 4150 currency chests with banks in India. 2. Banker to the Government The RBI acts as banker to the Government under Section 20 of RBI Act. Section 21 provides that Government should entrust its money remittance, exchange and banking transactions in India to RBI. Under Section 21A RBI has to conduct similar transactions for State Governments also. RBI earns no income by conducting those functions but earns commissions for managing the government’s public debt. Where RBI has no branch, SBI or its subsidiaries are appointed as agents and sub-agents under Section 45 of the RBI Act. Agency Banks receive commission on all transactions conducted on turnover basis. The RBI extends ‘ ways and means ‘ advances to Central and State Governments. Ways and Means Advances: â€Å"Ways and Means Advances† (WMA) is not a commercial bank credit. It is a system under which the RBI provides credit to Central and State Governments for meeting temporary shortfall in government revenues as compared to the monthly expenditures. In other words, this facility is provided to meet temporary mismatches between revenue collections and revenue expenditures of governments. The maximum volume and period of such advances are governed by agreements between RBI and the concerned government. To the State Governments, this facility is extended under three categories known as 1. Normal WMA 2. Special WMA and 3. as an overdraft facility. It also acts as adviser to Government on economic and financial matters. In brief, as a banker to the Government the RBI renders the following functions: (a) Collects taxes and makes payments on behalf of the Government (b) Accepts deposits from the Government (c) Collects cheques and drafts deposited in the Government accounts. (d) Provides short-term loans to the Government (e) Provides foreign exchange resources to the Government. (f) Keep the accounts of various Government Department. (g) Maintains currency chests in treasuries at some importance places for the convenience of the government. (h) Advises governments on their borrowing programmes. (i) Maintains and operates Central Government’s IMF accounts. 3. Agent and Adviser of the Government The RBI acts, as the financial agent and adviser to the Government. It renders the following functions: (a) As an agent to the Government, it accepts loans and manages public debts on behalf of the Government. (b) It issues Government bonds, treasury bills, etc. (c) Acts as the financial adviser to the Government in all important economic and financial matters. 4. Banker to the BanksThe RBI acts as banker to all scheduled banks. Commercial banks including foreign banks, co-operative banks and RRBs are eligible to be included in the second schedule of RBI Act subject to fulfilling conditions laid down under Section 42 (6) of RBI Act. RBI has powers to delete a bank from the second schedule if the bank concerned fails to fulfill the laid down conditions such as erosion in paid up capital below the prescribed limits and the banks’ activities became detrimental to the interest of depositors, etc. All banks in India, should keep certain percentage of their demand and time liabilities as reserves with the RBI. This is known as Cash Reserve Ratio or CRR. At end November 1999, it is 3 per cent for RRBs and co-operative banks; 9 per cent for commercial banks. They also maintain Current Account with RBI for various banking transactions. This centralization of reserves and accounts enables the RBI to achieve the following: (a) Regulation of money supply credit. (b) Acts as custodian of cash reserves of commercial banks. (c) Strengthen the banking system of the country (d) Exercises effective control over banks in Liquidity Management. (e) Ensures timely financial assistance to the Banks in difficulties. (f) Gives directions to the Banks in their lending policies in the public interest. (g) Ensures elasticity in the credit structure of the country. (h) Quick transfer of funds between member banks. 5. Acts as National Clearing House In India RBI acts as the clearing house for settlement of banking transactions. This function of clearing house enables the other banks to settle their interbank claims easily. Further it facilitates the settlement economically. Where the RBI has no offices of its own, the function of clearing house is carried out in the premises of the State Bank of India. The entire clearing house operations carried on by RBI are computerized. The inter-bank cheque clearing settlement is done twice a day. There is a separate route for clearing high value cheques of Rs.1.00 lakh and above. Cheques drawn on banks in metropolitan cities are cleared on the same day. The RBI carries out this function through a cell known as National Clearing Cell. In 1998, there were in all 860 clearing houses in operation of which 14 were run by RBI, 578 by SBI and others by public sector banks. The RBI acts as a lender of last resort or emergency fund provider to the other member banks. As such, if the commercial banks are not able to get financial assistance from any other sources, then as a last resort, they can approach the RBI for the necessary financial assistance. In such situations, the RBI provides credit facilities to the commercial banks on eligible securities including genuine trade bills which are usually made available at Bank Rate. RBI rediscounts bills under Section 17 (2) and 17 (3) and grants advances against securities under Section 17 (4) of RBI Act. However, many of these transactions are practically carried out through separate agencies like DHFI, Securities Trading Corporation of India, primary dealers. The RBI now mainly provides refinance facilities as direct assistance. Rediscounting of bills fall under the following categories: (i) Commercial Bill: A bill arising out of bonfire commercial or trade transaction drawn and payable in India and mature within 90 days from the date of purchase or discount is eligible for rediscount. (ii) Bills for Financing Agricultural Operations: A bill issued for purpose of financing seasonal agricultural operations or the marketing of crops and maturing within 15 months from the date of purchase or rediscount. (iii) Bills for Financing Cottage and Small Scale Industries: Bills drawn or issued for the purpose of financing the production and marketing of products of cottage and small industries approved by RBI and mature within 12 months from the date of discount. Refinance under agricultural and small scale industries activities are now provided by NABARD by obtaining financial assistance from RBI. Bill for holding or trading in Government securities: Such a bill should mature within 90 days from the date of purchase or rediscounting and be drawn and payable in India, (iv) Foreign bills: Bonfire bill arising out of export of goods from India and which mature within 180 days from the date of shipment of goods are eligible. As lender of last resort the RBI facilitates the following: (a) Provides financial assistance to commercial banks at the time of financial needs. (b) It helps the commercial banks in maintaining liquidity of their financial resources. (c) Enables the commercial banks to carry out their activities with minimum cash reserves. (d) As a lender of last resort, the RBI can exercise full control over the commercial banks. 7. Acts as the Controller of Credit The RBI controls the credit creation by commercial banks. For this, the RBI uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. The important methods used by RBI are, (i) Bank Rate Policy (ii) Open Market Operation (iii) Variation of Cash Reserve Ratio (iv) Fixing Margin Requirements (v) Moral Suasion (vi) Issue of Directives (vii) Direct Action By controlling credit, the RBI achieves the following: (a) Maintains the desired level of circulation of money in the economy. (b) Maintains the stability in the price level prevailing in the economy. (c) Controls the effects of trade cycles (d) Controls the fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate (e) Channelize credit to the productive sectors of the economy 8. Custodian of Foreign Exchange Reserves The RBI acts as the custodian of foreign exchange reserves. Adequate reserves may help maintain foreign exchange rates. In order to minimize the undue fluctuations in the rates it may buy and sell foreign currencies depending upon the situations. Its purchase and sale of foreign currencies from the market is done like commercial banks. However, the objective of the RBI will not be profit booking. It may buy the foreign currency to build up adequate reserves or to arrest unwarranted rise in the value of rupee which may be due to sudden inflow of foreign currencies into India. It may also buy and sell foreign currencies in international market to switch the portfolio of investments denominated in different international currencies depending upon circumstances and needs. The value of India’s Foreign Exchange reserves held by RBI as on June 1998 amounted to Rs.115001 crore. This amount comprises of gold Rs.12826 crore, foreign currency assets and value of IMF currency, viz., SDR (Special Drawing Rights). These reserves are increased to Rs. 1, 38,005 crore in March 1999. The value of foreign currency assets of RBI, which form the largest portion in India’s Foreign Currency reserves, is subject to changes even on daily basis depending upon ruling exchange rates, inflow and outflow of currencies, intervention policy of the RBI, etc. 9. Exchange Control When a country faces Balance of Payment of problems usually when its foreign exchange payments exceed foreign exchange receipts it controls the whole gamut of fore (foreign exchange) transactions and regulates payment system for its advantage. Ever since the beginning of Second World War in 1939 India faced shortage of forex for its development and growth. A Foreign Exchange Regulation Act was originally put in operation from March 1947 and later a new act known as Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) 1973 was introduced from 1st January 1974. Under this Act, RBI is empowered to regulate foreign exchange outgo and inflow, for example, we cannot buy everything we need from abroad and pay for it in forex. Trade side imports, i.e., merchandise imports are regulated by Director General Foreign Trade in the Ministry of Commerce. Payment for invisible transactions like tourism, foreign visit, dividend/interest payment, etc. is regulated by RBI. Similarly, all forex received or earned by residents in India, like exporters and relatives of NRIs [Non-resident Indian] should be surrendered to banks having license from RBI to deal in forex. However, since 1992, the receivers of forex are permitted to retain certain part of this forex in a separate foreign currency account if they so desire. Such account is known as Exchange Earners’ Foreign Currency Account or EEFC Account. Further, since 1994 many controls exercised by RBI on forex payments were relaxed. These days the RBI regulates forex transactions only to a minimum level and soon the Act, FERA may be replaced by a new Foreign Exchange Management Act. While the purchase and sale of forex, maintenance of foreign exchange reserves/gold, are handled in the Department of External Investment and operations the control and regulations of various other forex transactions are handled in the Exchange Control Department of Reserve Bank of India. The RBI by its operation of credit control and price stability maintains the internal value of domestic currency and ensures its stability External Value of Rupee In terms of preamble to RBI Act, the Bank is also required to maintain external, value of the Rupee. It, however, depends upon many factors like inflation levels, interest rates Balance of payments situation, etc., ruling in different countries on which RBI does not have control. Earlier, till 1993 the RBI uses to prescribe the Exchange Rate of Rupee. The external value of rupee is now determined by market forces. RBI by virtue of its position as the Central Bank of the country and custodian of large forex reserves can influence the level of External Value in the short run. Publishes the Economic Statistics and Other Information The RBI collects statistics on economic and financial matters. It publishes periodically an analytical account of the operations of joint stock and co-operative banks. It presents the genuine financial position of the government and companies. The publications like the report on currency and finance, the report on the trend and progress of banking in India, the review of co-operative movement present a critical account and a balanced review of banking developments commercial, economic and financial conditions of the country. Fights against Economic Crisis The RBI aims at economic stability in the country whenever, there is a danger to the economic stability, it takes immediate measures to put the economy on proper course by effective policy changes and implementation thereof. Promotional Functions These are non-monetary functions. They include the following: 1. Promotion of Banking Habits The RBI institutionalizes saving through the promotion of banking habit and expansion of the banking system territorially and functionally. Accordingly RBI has set up Deposit Insurance Corporation in 1962, Unit Trust of India in 1964, the IDBI in 1964, the Agricultural Refinance Corporation in 1963, Industrial Reconstruction Corporation of India in 1972, NABARD in 1982 and the National Housing Bank in 1988, etc. It has helped to bring into existence several industrial finance corporations such as Industrial Finance Corporation of India, Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India for industrialization of the country. Similarly sector specific corporations took care of development in their respective spheres of activity. 2. Provides Refinance for Export Promotion The RBI takes the initiative for widening facilities for the provision of finance for foreign trade particularly of exports. The Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation (ECGC) and Exam Banks render useful functions on this line. To encourage exports the RBI is providing refinance facilities for export credit given by commercial banks. Further the rate of interest on export credits continues to be prescribed by RBI at a lower rate. The ECGC provides an insurance cover on Export receivables. EXIM Bank extends long term finance to project exporters and foreign currency credit for promotion of Indian exports. Students should know that many of these institutions were part of Reserve Bank earlier although they are currently functioning as separate financial institutions. 3. Facilities for Agriculture The RBI extends indirect financial facilities to agriculture regularly. Through NABARD it provides short-term and long-term financial facilities to agriculture and allied activities. It established NABARD for the overall administration of agricultural and rural credit. Indian agriculture would have starved of a cheap credit but for the institutionalization of rural credit by RBI. The Reserve Bank was extending financial assistance to the rural sector mainly through contributions to the National Rural Credit Funds being operated by NABARD. RBI presently makes only a symbolic contribution of Rs.1.00 crore. It, however, extends cheap indirect financial assistance to the agricultural sector by providing large sums of money through General Line of Credit to NABARD. The loans and advances extended to NABARD by RBI and outstanding as on June 1999 amounted to Rs.5073 crore. 4. Facilities to Small Scale Industries The RBI takes active steps to increase the supply of credit to small industries. It gives directives to the commercial banks regarding the extension of credit facilities to small scale industries. It encourages commercial banks to provide guarantee services to SSI sector. Banks advances to SSI sector are classified under priority sector advances. SSI sector contributes to a very great extent to employment opportunities and for Indian Exports. Keeping this in view, RBI has directed commercial banks to open specialized SSI bank branches to provide adequate financial and technical assistance to SSI branches. There are around 30 lakh SSI units operating in India. Meeting their financial needs is one of the prime concerns of RBI. 5. Helps Co-operative Sector RBI extends indirect financing to State Co-operative Banks thereby connects the cooperative sector with the main banking system of the country. The finance is mostly, is routed through NABARD. This way the financial needs of agricultural sector are taken care of by RBI. 6. Prescription of Minimum Statutory Requirements for Banks The RBI prescribes the minimum statutory requirements such as, paid up capital, reserves, cash reserves, liquid assets, etc. RBI prescribes reserves requirements both under Banking Regulation Act and RBI Act to ensure different objectives. For example, SLR prescription is done to ensure liquidity position of the bank. CRR prescription is done to have effective monetary control and money supply. Statutory Reserves Appropriation is done to ensure sound banking system, etc. It also asks banks to set aside provisions against possible bad loans. With these functions, it exercises control over the monetary and banking systems of the country to ensure growth, price stability and sound banking practices. C. Supervisory Functions The Reserve Bank of India performs the following supervisory functions. By these functions it controls and administers the entire financial and banking systems of the country. 1. Granting License to Banks The RBI grants license to the banks, which like to commence their business in India. Licenses are also required to open new branches or closure of branches. With this power RBI can ensure avoidance of unnecessary competitions among banks in particular location evenly growth of banks in different regions, adequate banking facility to various regions, etc. This power also helps RBI to weed out undesirable people from starting banking business. 2. Function of Inspection and Enquiry RBI inspects and makes enquiry in respect of various matters covered under Banking Regulations Act and RBI Act. The inspection of commercial banks and financial institutions are conducted in terms of the provisions contained in Banking Regulation Act. These refer to their banking operations like loans and advances, deposits, investment functions and other banking services. Under such inspection RBI ensures that the banks and financial institutions carry on their operations in a prudential manner, without taking undue risk but aiming at profit maximization within the existing rules and regulations. This type of inspection is carried on periodically once a year or two covering all branches of banks. Banks are obliged to take remedial measures on the lapses / deficiencies pointed out during inspection. In addition RBI also calls for periodical information concerning certain assets and liabilities of the banks to verify that the banks continue to remain in good health. This type of inspection / verification is known as off- site inspection. The RBI team visiting bank offices to conduct verification of books and records is known as on- site inspection. RBI inspects banks under RBI Act only when there is a threat to close down a bank for mismanagement and there is a need to verify the fulfillment of conditions for the status of ‘scheduled bank’. RBI presently conducts inspection of commercial banks, Development Financial Institutions like IDBI, NABARD, etc. Urban Co- operative Banks and non banking financial companies like Lease Financing Companies, Loan Companies. 3. Implementing the Deposit Insurance Scheme RBI Implements the Deposit Insurance Scheme for the benefit of bank depositors. This supervisory function has improved the standard of banking in India due to this confidence building exercise. Under this system, deposits up to Rs.1.00 lakh with the bank branch are guaranteed for payment. Deposits with the banking system alone are covered under the scheme. For this purpose banking system include accounts maintained with commercial banks, co- operative banks and RRBs. Fixed Deposits with other financial institutions like ICICI, IDBI, etc. and those with financial companies are not covered under the scheme. ICICI is since merged with ICICI Bank Ltd. and IDBI is getting converted into a bank. 4. Periodical Review of the Working of the Commercial Banks The RBI periodically reviews the work done by commercial banks. It takes suitable steps to enhance the efficiency of the banks and make various policy changes and implement programmes for the well-being of the nation and for improving the banking system as a whole. 5. Controls the Non-Banking Financial Corporations RBI issues necessary directions to the Non-Banking financial corporations and conducts inspections through which it exercises control over such institutions. Deposit taking NBFCs require permission from RBI for their operations.

“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” and Merry Shelley’s “Frankenstein” Essay

For this piece of coursework I will be writing and comparing the strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, with that of Merry Shelley’s Frankenstein. I will be comparing how each monster came about and the relation between thenIntroduction:Victor Frankenstein is a scientist obsessed with trying to create life and stop death, to do this he collects parts of the body from corpses and charnel houses. When he has finally completed his human jigsaw he animates the creature using a powerful lightning storm. Shortly after the creature is animated and Frankenstein has completed his goal, he is shocked to find that his creature isn’t what he planned. Instead of creating eternal life, he created a monster which kills his family, and closet friends. The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is about a well-respected scientist of London who believes that separating the two men can become liberated. He succeeds in his experiments with chemicals to accomplish this and transforms into Hyde to commit horrendous crimes. Jekyll tries to relinquish the potion but cant so he takes his own life. Comparison:Both Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Frankenstein tell tales of scientists abusing their creative powers to exist in another sphere where they cannot be directly blamed for their actions .Though Frankenstein’s creation is a creature distinct from his creator while Dr. Jekyll transforms into Mr. Hyde ,the double of each protagonist progressively growsThe stories are very similar in the fact that both create a monster, though Jekyll releases the monster inside him, whilst Frankenstein on the other hand, creates a monster. Both monsters create havoc and there first target is a child. The difference though between the two monsters is that Jekyll created his being to commit such offences, but Frankenstein created his monster just to push the boundaries of death. Both creators react different to there monster, Jekyll intended for his  monster to be evil, as he wanted to release his inner evil, without the guild of his criminal activity,Frankenstein on the other hand, was disgusted by the hideous site of his monster, at first glance; he called his creation a beast. ConclusionIn my opinion both stories are extremely similar in the fact that it involves two scientists isolating themselves to create a monster, which causes mayhem and disaster. Both evil monsters target a child for there first murder casualty. Though the stories are very similar they are also very different. Both contain monsters that cause disaster but, Frankenstein didn’t intend his monster to be evil, as Jekyll did. Frankenstein just wanted to create a being that could surpass death, so he wouldn’t suffer death again. Whilst Jekyll wanted to release his inner evil. Sources used:Internet ~ GoogleBooks ~ Strange Case Of Dr Jekyll & Mr HydeFrankenstein

all quiet essays

all quiet essays Imagine being in an ongoing battle where friends and others are dying. All that is heard are bullets being shot, it smells like gas is near, and hearts race as the times goes by. This is similar to what war is like. In the novel All Quiet on the Western Front, the narrator, Paul Baumer, and his friends encounter the ideals of suffering, death, pain, and despair. There is a huge change in these men; at the beginning of the novel they are enthusiastic about going into the war. After they see what war is really like, they do not feel the same way about it. During the war the men experience many feelings especially the loss of loved ones. These feelings are shown through their first experience at training camp, during the actual battles, and in the hospital. Training camp was the first actuality of what war was going to be like for the men. They thought that it would be fun, and they could take pride in defending their country. Their teacher, Kantorek, told them that they should all enroll in the war. Because of this, almost all of the men in the class enrolled. It was in training camp that they met their cruel corporal, Himelstoss. The men are in shock because he is so rude to them; they never thought that war would be this harsh. Paul and two of his friends are ridiculed the most by him. They have to lie down in the mud and practice shooting and jumping up. Also, these three men must remake Himelstoss bed fourteen times, until it is perfect. Himelstoss puts the young men through so much horror that they yearn for their revenge. Himelstoss is humiliated when he goes to tell on Tjaden, and Tjaden only receives an easy punishment. Training camp is also the first sign of change in the men. From this experience they become t ougher, which is needed while fighting in a war. Also, they start to see the other aspects of war, such as death and destruction. Training camp is just a glimpse of what war really is. Th...

The Only Person You Have to Please is You

The Only Person You Have to Please is You Yeah, thats hard for us to swallow sometimes. We write to be read. Eager to please, were like kids asking what are the rules so we can play the game well enough to win. We want people on the sidelines to root for us and tell us how well we did. We want the prize. Along the way, when times are rough, we remind ourselves that we are our best and worst critic. We might even say we only have to please ourselves, but we dont mean it. We get sad. Sometimes we cry. A few get mad and bash the publishing world as an evil, heartless machine that gobbles up the good and spits on the rest, stomping out the soul of art. But in the end, when were alone in our room staring at a screen that wont produce the right words, we have to face the fact we write for ourselves first, foremost, and last. Without our own love infused into our stories, they read dry. And to give love to something means to sacrifice and take risks. Remember, love can be unrequited. Many things we do in our lives we do for self-pleasure. While its a joy to be complimented for our efforts, the bottom line is we shouldnt perform without enjoying the experience of the performance. When you do, you shortchange the audience. Write a story that makes you smile, cry, or feel proud. Be truthful with yourself when trying to make it your best. Be thrilled when others enjoy the experience you worked so hard to produce, but try not to measure your success on the judgment of others. While its tempting to beg for the judgment, and shoved in our faces that success comes in terms of sales to others, nothing we do gets off the ground written in a vacuum with only an Amazon ranking representing the goal. Its like finding a friend. Not everyone likes you, and you dont like everyone. Only certain people connect with who you are. You have to be the best you to be the best for someone else. Without pleasing yourself first, you lose all hope of pleasing others. Have fun writing.

Consumer affected by marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer affected by marketing - Assignment Example Moreover, several studies have shown that technology plays a vital role in making a company cost effective as well as meeting the growing demand of consumers. Nowadays, technology is vastly used in marketing campaigns of companies and deeply impacts the consumers as well. With the emergence and development of internet, marketers started to use it as a platform of promoting their products and services. Regarding, this context social media has been a key tool for the business houses. In the last few decades, there has been a surge in the implementation of e-commerce applications and few researchers deem that the cause of increased usage of e-commerce is the ongoing trends. This study aims to analyze the impact of social media marketing on the purchase behavior of the consumers. The study will mainly rely on the secondary sources of information and will also consider the previous research papers about the subject of concern. Lastly, on the basis of the findings from the analysis, the st udy will recommend few techniques to the companies regarding how they can improve their social media marketing campaign. Discussion and Analysis Consumer Buying Process The consumer buying process is described through 5 different stages namely problem recognition, information search, evaluation, purchase decision and lastly post purchase behavior. (Source: Kotler and Keller 15-25) Among the aforementioned stages, the role of marketers is crucial during the information search and evaluation phase. In these two stages, consumers generally go through a series of assessments so as to ultimately reach a decision. Kotler and Keller (15-25) in this regards have accentuated that during the evaluation phase, a consumer forms preferences among the brands. The preference of a brand is as a result of the evaluation of the information. A consumer generally starts with exploration of different products and therefore a product with high visibility gets more inclination. According to Kotler and Kel ler (17-26) a consumer is undoubtedly influenced by the â€Å"infomediaries† often regarded as the intermediaries, who publishes the evaluation of products through tabular comparison. For example, studies have shown that reviews on the websites such as blogs, tweets, bulletin boards etc., highly influence the consumer purchase decision. Once the assessments of the alternative choices are made, consumers try to formulate a belief about the alternatives that guides their intention, attitude and finally their selection among the alternatives. (Source: Weber 2- 18) There are certain other factors as well affecting the consumer buying decision, yet attitude about the products and services are dubbed as the powerful predictors of the patterns and processes of the exposure to information. In addition, attitude which is learned through trails and past experience comprises of three elements namely conative, cognitive and affective. Therefore, from an overall point of view it can be sa ted that consumer buying process consists of several steps and a number of factors affects their decision making process. The next section of the study will try to analyze the extent to which social media, a recent buzz for the marketers influences the decision making process of consumers. Social Media Marketing The usage of social media has been increasing at a robust rate. For the marketing professionals, social media generally acts as a tool that is potentially used to create and increase awareness of

Identity Theft Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Identity Theft - Research Paper Example As it is, people whose identity are compromised and have been assumed by another can suffer tremendous loses. Once the important information of a certain person is exposed to unscrupulous persons, such information can be used against that person. If the financial information of a certain person is compromised and the identity theft gain access to the person’s bank accounts, credit cards and others, the theft may be able to easily steal the money of that person (Abagnale, 2007). Aside from taking money from their victims, some identity thieves may use the signature or the accounts of their victim to commit crimes either online or offline (Cullen, 2007). A good example of this is when an identity theft uses the signature of another person to perpetuate fraudulent transactions either online or offline. By use the identity of the victim, the identity thief may be able to get away with the crime and his or her victim gets into trouble with the authorities. II. How Identity Theft Ca n be Committed Over the years, techno savvy thieves have developed a number of ways to steal important information by breaking into the information security system of companies and individuals. ... tity thief’s operation depends on the kind of strategies and mechanisms that he or she employs to get the necessary information to usurp the identity of another. In recent years, social engineering have become one of the most potent tools used by identity thieves to gain access to buildings, databases and computer systems across the country (Hadnagy, 2010). In this era of social networking when millions of people meet online to make friends or transact business, social engineering becomes one of the easiest methods of defrauding unsuspecting internet users. How does an identity theft make use of social networks to defraud his or her victims? Social engineering employs human psychology so instead of using software and programs to attack the database or the security system of a certain company or individual, the identity theft target the people who have access to the database or the security system (Hadnagy, 2010). The common strategy here is to study the work patterns of the ta rget individual or group of individuals and find strategies to trick these people into divulging passwords and access codes to their system. Social networking sites are often used by these people to befriend their targets and learn whatever they can from these people through trickery and guile. In a sense, social engineering is like stalking a prey and punching when the prey is at its most vulnerable moment. As it is, this method of retrieving information from human sources is a long process so it may take days, weeks or even months before the identity thief actually gets the information that he or she needs. Given this situation most of those people who employ this strategy to gain access to database may need to invest a lot of time on their targets (Hadnagy, 2010; Wilhelm, 2010). Note that

The most Important Legacy of Reformation for us Today Essay

The most Important Legacy of Reformation for us Today - Essay Example The protestant reformation started in Europe in the early sixteenth century1. The works of Martin Luther King’s activities that he carried out in the late fifteenth century informed the reforms. During such times, it was evident in the Roman Catholic Church that the pope had the powers to sale of penance letters to people following the fact that he was deficient of the authority to forgive sins. In those days, the priest was highly regarded more important than any other person. Therefore, anything that he did was highly regarded as of moral right and was subject to no rejection or question. In this regard, the Catholic Church considered priests more than other considered other people. Following the ever questionable issues noticed by Luther regarding the practice of the pope, Luther advocated for provision of the Bible to everyone to read for themselves. It is due to such ill beliefs and practice that forced Martin Luther to call an end to such practices. He gained many follow ers in various countries by inspiring many religious reformers to break away from the Catholic Church and develop their own ideas. ... The reformations led to various religious wars that was termed the Thirty Years War. Christians believe in the ability of God to forgive sins since he has the power to do so. However, the notion that a person can influence God to forgive another is misleading. It is the idea of forgiveness of sins as well as the massive power accorded to the pope that led to the call to reformation. Reformation is an important aspect of human life. It is of crucial importance to highlight that different reformation always follow quests of justice with regards to certain matters that affect humanity. As such, people may always engage in protests with the hope of correcting a wrong where necessary. Such issues that always bring notable protests that mark the beginnings of reformations always arise from several sources. A major factor that may push for reformation may involve political factors. This may be evident where certain issues are considered oppressive to the general wellbeing of humanity. In ad dition, several protests championing for reforms may follow differences in religious views. As such, several religious societies may collude and strongly oppose a wrongdoing that may be evident in the society. Major reformations in history came with regards to the Roman Catholic church. The church in earlier days had several provisions and guidelines hat majority of followers considered oppressive. Such did not marry well with their beliefs and the faith they had in Christianity. Majority of such issues were being steered forth by the people of high ranks in the church. Such issues were considered oppressive to the faith and beliefs that were maintained by the faithful. This brought forth major reforms in

The Red Convertible Essay Example for Free

The Red Convertible Essay In Louise Erdrichs short story, The Red Convertible, she portrays the change that war imposes on the relationship of two brothers, Henry and Lyman. She uses symbolism to reveal the hardships Henry brings back from Vietnam, and she also uses it to show how Lyman dealt with the separation and the effect of the war on his brother. Edrich’s main purpose in â€Å"The Red Convertible† is to communicate the emotional afflictions war has on a soldier and his or her relationships through symbolism. Throughout the story Edrich uses the red convertible as the main symbol in the story because the red convertible symbolizes Henry and Lyman’s friendship. At the beginning of the story, the brothers use all their money to purchase a red Oldsmobile which they shared. They went everywhere together in the red Oldsmobile. They used the Oldsmobile to travel to Canada and around the continent together. In this part of the story the convertible represented the fun and extreme closeness of their relationship before the war. When Henry is drafted and goes to war, their relationship changes and Lyman demonstrates their separation by taking the car apart. When Henry returns from the war he is a scarred and changed man; he loses his usual interest in the convertible, as well as in Lyman and their friendship. Lyman bangs the car up, as a result of being neglected by Henry. The car portrays the banged up relationship he feels between his brother and himself. When Henry sees and realizes that the car, as well as his relationship with Lyman is damaged, he confronts Lyman. When I left, that car was running like a watch. Now I dont even know if I can get it to start again, let alone get it anywhere near its old condition (pg397). When Henry expresses this concern about bringing the car back to its old condition Erdrich uses symbolism here to express the concerns soldiers have regarding the future of their relationships after war. They fear things will never be the same or even worse, that the relationship itself will become one of the many casualties of war. When Henry starts fixing the convertible, it also represents the repair of his relationship with his brother. After he finishes fixing the car, he asks Lyman to go for a ride with him, which causes Lyman to believe their relationship has been fixed right along with the car. Lyman realizes that their relationship isn’t fixed like he believed it was when Henry jumps into the lake and drowns. Lyman knows he will never see his brother again, so he runs the convertible into the river. Now the red convertible is gone forever, along with his and Henry’s relationship. Now Henry owns the whole car, and his younger brother walks everywhere he goes (pg398). Erdrich connects the death of Henry with the death of the convertible and with the death of his relationship with Lyman. She uses this symbolism to represent how relationships are affected by war. Their relationships start out healthy, and then going to war transforms them; they hope to return to normalcy, but in the end, the war destroys the soldiers as well as their relationships with the people they know and love. Erdrich uses her short story to make a statement that the Vietnam War did not just have a horrendous effect on the soldiers who participated in it, but also on the people who knew them before the war. She depicts a more realistic view of war by showing soldiers for what they really are, human beings with emotions and who are ultimately damaged because of war. Erdrich’s use of symbolism brings her audience the understanding that war affects more than just the soldier. Much like death it affects everyone and everything the soldier is involved in. Work Cited Edrich, Louise. â€Å"The Red Convertible. †

Evelyn Glennie :: essays research papers

Evelyn Glennie Evelyn Glennie is a true musician. There are a lot of people out there that want to do what she did, and what she’s still doing, but frankly not many people are willing to put that much effort and time into achieving what she has. Not to mention that almost everyone lacks the talent. Evelyn hopes that the audience will be stimulated by what she has to say (through the language of music) and will therefore leave the concert hall feeling entertained. That is true musicianship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now is the time that I should start spouting off all of her amazing achievements, but if I attempted that not only would I get bored writing a list that long, but also you would get bored trying to read one. Plus I would most likely go far over the 750 required words for this essay. But I suppose it is necessary to mention a few of her many antecedents. For the first ten years of her career essentially every performance Evelyn gave was in some way a first. The first time an orchestra had performed with a percussion soloist, the first solo percussion performance at a venue or festival or the world premiere of a new percussion concerto. Evelyn has performed in approximately 42 countries. Evelyn was the first full time solo percussionist in the world. Evelyn has recorded 18 albums and is still working on more. At the age of 19 Evelyn graduated from the Royal Academy of Music. In 1991 Evelyn's autobiography 'Good Vibrations' was published and reprinted in 1995. In 1993 'Good Vibrations' was published in Japanese. Yes Evelyn has lived an extraordinary life. She was born in Aberdeen, Scotland. And she went to school at Ellon Academy, Scotland. Her Conservatoire is The Royal Academy of Music, London. But I am making her sound she has always been this percussionist goddess whose whole life has been dedicated to her career. In some ways, though, she is just like you or me. As a child, Evelyn played the mouth organ and the clarinet. When she was a teenager, Evelyn wanted to be a hairdresser. But now she is very much a percussionist goddess who personally owns over 1800 instruments and in a live performance can use up to approximately 60 instruments. One of the most amazing things about Evelyn is that she is legally deaf. It’s never been a big deal for Evelyn though; to her it’s like the fact that she has brown hair or brown eyes.

Cause and Effect of Cigarette Smoking

It is mandatory for this message to be printed on every pack because of how serious the effects of smoking are and how easy it is to become addicted to smoking them. There are millions of campaigns and advertisements against cigarette smoking communicating to the world that this terrible habit causes many illnesses ultimately leading to death. But a threat to health obviously does not seem to be a good enough reason for people to quit anymore, people somehow block this important information and ignore all of the possible consequences they are facing themselves with when they continue to smoke. The purpose of this essay is to discuss some of the many effects of cigarette smoking, including the broadly mentioned possibility of developing cancer or dying. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women. Cigarette smoking is directly responsible for 87 percent of lung cancer cases in the United States annually. Both non small cell lung cancer and small lung cancer can be caused by cigarette smoking, cigar smoking and second hand smoke. It can be difficult to diagnosis lung cancer early because the symptoms often do not present themselves aggressively until the disease is in advanced stages, which puts people in an even worse situation. If cancer is found, the doctor will take the time to do some staging which is determining whether it has spread to other parts of the body such as the brain or bones. One of the stages is referred to as Stage 0 non-small cell lung cancer which is also called carcinoma. It is the earliest stage that lung cancer can typically be detected but unfortunately for people bound to consume this cancer, it is rarely found at this stage, and when it is, it is normally an incidental finding when testing is done for some other reason. Lung cancer should be completely curable at this stage, meaning not in all cases. With that being said, many people with stage 0 lung cancer, have or will develop second primary cancers. 20 percent of all deaths from heart disease in the United States are directly related to cigarette smoking. The heart is the most important organ in the body, pumping blood, life-giving oxygen and nutrients to all tissues of the body. If the pumping action of the heart becomes inefficient, vital organs like the brain and kidneys suffer, like a chain reaction. Death will occur within minutes if the heart stops working altogether. It is astonishing how life itself is completely dependent on the efficient operation of the heart and people still decide to take up the habit of smoking, leading to this disease. There are many kinds of heart disease, each of them affecting the heart in several ways, one of them being coronary artery disease which is directly related to smoking. Coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, creating blockages in the vessels that nourish the heart itself. Atherosclerosis occurs when the arteries become clogged and narrowed, restricting blood flow, ultimately starving the heart of oxygen and other vital nutrients it depends on to work properly. Lungs become damaged due to reactions to irritants entering the airways and alveoli and lead to emphysema. The major cause of emphysema is smoking. When people are exposed to cigarette smoke, the air sacs of the lungs create defensive cells known as macrophages, which eat the inhaled particles. Macrophages are stimulated to release materials which can destroy the proteins that allow the lungs to expand and contract, called collagen. This causes difficulty for a person to exhale so the next breath taken is started with more air in the lungs. The trapped old air takes up space so the alveoli, tiny air sacs in lungs, are unable to fill with enough fresh air to supply the body with the appropriate oxygen. This causes someone to be short of breath and diminishes the ability to properly exhale. Will all of the information provided in the world and all of the advertisement including the warning posted on every pack of cigarettes against the use of these harmful vises, you would think we would have less smokers, but that is incorrect. You would also assume that with all the damage that comes with smoking over the years, including death; that we would have fewer smokers, but again, that is incorrect. People still insist on putting themselves in harm’s way and continue to be smokers.